Alcohol consumption during pregnancy can have serious harmful effects on the developing fetus, which is known as fetal alcohol spectrum disorders (FASD). The effects depend on factors like the amount and timing of alcohol exposure, but can include:

Physical Deformities:

• Distinctive facial features (small eyes, thin upper lip, smooth philtrum)
• Small head circumference (microcephaly)
• Short stature and low body weight

Brain and Central Nervous System Damage:

• Impaired brain development and structural defects
• Intellectual disabilities and cognitive deficits
• Hyperactivity, impulsiveness, and attention issues
• Poor motor skills and coordination problems

Vision and Hearing Problems:

• Visual impairments
• Hearing loss or ear malformations

Heart, Kidney, and Bone Defects:

• Congenital heart defects
• Kidney problems
• Bone deformities in arms and legs

Behavioral and Neurodevelopmental Issues:

• Learning disabilities
• Poor memory and information processing abilities
• Difficulty with problem-solving and abstract reasoning
• Social interaction and communication challenges

The most severe form is called fetal alcohol syndrome (FAS), characterized by abnormal facial features, growth problems, and central nervous system abnormalities.

There is no safe amount of alcohol that can be considered risk-free during pregnancy. Alcohol easily crosses the placenta and can stunt fetal growth or cause miscarriage and stillbirth. The damage from prenatal alcohol exposure is permanent and irreversible.

To prevent FASD, it is crucial for women to abstain from alcohol consumption when planning a pregnancy and throughout the entire pregnancy period. Early intervention for children with FASD can help manage some developmental issues.

If you have consumed alcohol during your pregnancy, it is imperative that you consult your OB-GYN.