What are the symptoms of tendinosis?

Tendinosis, also known as chronic tendinitis or tendonopathy, is a condition characterized by chronic, repetitive microtrauma to a tendon, leading to degenerative changes in the tendon tissue. Unlike tendinitis, which involves inflammation of the tendon, tendinosis is primarily a degenerative condition without significant inflammation.

The symptoms of tendinosis can vary depending on the location of the affected tendon, but common symptoms may include:

1. Pain: Tendinosis typically causes a dull, aching pain in the affected tendon that worsens with movement or activity. The pain may be localized to the tendon or may radiate to surrounding areas.
2. Stiffness: Tendinosis can cause stiffness in the affected joint, making it difficult to move the joint freely.
3. Swelling: In some cases, tendinosis may be associated with mild swelling or a lump along the tendon.
4. Weakness: Tendinosis can lead to weakness in the affected muscle, particularly if the condition affects a tendon that is important for movement or strength.
5. Tenderness: The affected tendon may be tender to the touch, especially if pressure is applied directly to the tendon.
6. Crepitus: In some cases, tendinosis can cause a creaking or crackling sensation (crepitus) with movement of the affected tendon.
7. Difficulty with daily activities: Tendinosis can interfere with daily activities that involve the affected tendon, such as walking, climbing stairs, or lifting objects.

It’s important to note that the symptoms of tendinosis can develop gradually over time and may come and go. If you are experiencing symptoms of tendinosis, it’s important to consult with a healthcare professional for an accurate diagnosis and appropriate treatment. Treatment for tendinosis may include rest, physical therapy, medications, and in some cases, surgery.

What are the causes of tendinosis?

Tendinosis is caused by chronic, repetitive microtrauma to a tendon, which leads to degenerative changes in the tendon tissue. Unlike tendinitis, which involves inflammation of the tendon, tendinosis is primarily a degenerative condition without significant inflammation.

Several factors can contribute to the development of tendinosis, including:

1. Overuse: Repetitive movements or activities that strain the tendon, such as running, jumping, or lifting heavy weights, can lead to tendinosis.
2. Poor biomechanics: Poor body mechanics or improper technique during physical activities can increase the risk of developing tendinosis.
3. Age: Tendinosis is more common in older adults, as tendons tend to become less flexible and more prone to degeneration with age.
4. Poor conditioning: Weak or tight muscles can place increased stress on tendons, increasing the risk of tendinosis.
5. Trauma: A sudden, acute injury to a tendon can increase the risk of developing tendinosis in the affected tendon.
6. Chronic health conditions: Certain chronic health conditions, such as diabetes or rheumatoid arthritis, can increase the risk of tendinosis.
7. Medications: Some medications, such as corticosteroids, can weaken tendons and increase the risk of tendinosis.
8. Smoking: Smoking (quit) has been associated with an increased risk of tendinosis, as it can impair blood flow to tendons and hinder the healing process.
9. Genetics: Some individuals may be genetically predisposed to developing tendinosis due to variations in tendon structure or metabolism.

It’s important to note that the exact cause of tendinosis can vary depending on the individual and the specific circumstances. However, chronic, repetitive microtrauma to a tendon is a common underlying factor in the development of tendinosis.

What is the treatment for tendinosis?

The treatment for tendinosis, also known as chronic tendinitis or tendonopathy, aims to reduce pain, improve function, and promote healing of the affected tendon. The specific treatment approach will depend on the severity of the condition and the individual’s symptoms. Some common treatments for tendinosis include:

1. Rest: Resting the affected tendon and avoiding activities that aggravate symptoms can help reduce pain and promote healing.
2. Ice: Applying ice to the affected area for 15-20 minutes several times a day can help reduce pain and inflammation.
3. Physical therapy: Physical therapy techniques, such as stretching exercises, strengthening exercises, and ultrasound therapy, can help improve flexibility, strength, and blood flow to the affected tendon.
4. Orthotics: Using orthotic devices, such as shoe inserts or braces, can help support the affected tendon and reduce strain during physical activities.
5. Medications: Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), such as ibuprofen or naproxen, can help reduce pain and inflammation associated with tendinosis. In some cases, corticosteroid injections may be used to reduce inflammation and pain.
6. Extracorporeal shock wave therapy (ESWT): ESWT is a non-invasive treatment that uses shock waves to stimulate healing in the affected tendon.
7. Platelet-rich plasma (PRP) therapy: PRP therapy involves injecting a concentrated form of the patient’s own blood plasma into the affected tendon to promote healing.
8. Surgery: In severe cases of tendinosis that do not respond to other treatments, surgery may be recommended to remove damaged tissue or repair the tendon.

It’s important for individuals with tendinosis to work closely with a healthcare professional to develop a treatment plan that is tailored to their specific needs and symptoms. With appropriate treatment, many people with tendinosis can experience significant improvement in pain and function.